Difficulties Faced by Children Aged (4-6) in the Psychological Aspect and Social Terrorism

Abstract

The current research aimed to uncover the psychological and social difficulties faced by children aged 4-6. Iraq has experienced difficult circumstances in confronting terrorism and terrorist operations, including killing, destruction, looting, and theft. This has had a definite impact on Iraqi families in general and children in particular, leading them to encounter numerous difficulties, resulting in a variety of behaviors, as indicated by their mothers and teachers. Examples include their suffering from nightmares, disturbing dreams, and other problems. To achieve the research objective, the researcher prepared a tool to identify the psychological and social difficulties faced by kindergarten children. The tool was distributed to a sample of (160) teachers and (160) mothers, who were selected using a multi-stage method. After applying the measurement tool to them, it was found that the kindergarten children faced psychological and social difficulties that led to their behavioral behaviors. The calculated (t-test) value reached (17,793) for the teachers' estimates and (6,653) for the mothers' estimates, which is greater than the tabular value of (1.96) at a significance level of (0.05) and a degree of freedom of (159). The highest severity level reached (3,843) with a percentage weight of (96,075), which represents the most severe psychological and social difficulty for the child, which is (irritability), according to the teachers' estimates, with a severity level of (3.59) and a percentage weight of (89,825) for the same difficulty. The second symptom was (thinking about the death of a family member), with a severity score of (3.593) and a percentile weight of (89.82), according to the teachers' estimates. (Suffering from disturbing dreams and nightmares), with a severity score of (3.55) and a percentile weight of (88.75), according to the mothers' estimates.

The number of psychological and social difficulties embodied by common behaviors among kindergarten children, according to the teachers' estimates, amounted to (42) difficulties, and (39) difficulties common among kindergarten children, according to the mothers' estimates.