The stance of the International Criminal Court regarding AI-related crimes, both civilly and criminally

Abstract

The world is witnessing unprecedented advances in artificial intelligence (AI), creating new legal and ethical challenges for international justice, particularly for the International Criminal Court (ICC). This study examines the Court’s position on crimes arising from the use of AI, such as war crimes committed by autonomous weapons systems and crimes against humanity facilitated by algorithmic decisions. It explores key issues of accountability—whether responsibility lies with the state, the developer, or the human operator—and evaluates the adequacy of the Rome Statute in addressing such emerging crimes. The research highlights gaps in current legal frameworks and suggests the need for updates to ensure accountability and deterrence. Ultimately, it calls for the establishment of modern international legal norms capable of responding to the evolving threats posed by artificial intelligence in the realm of international criminal law.